Monthly Archives: March 2024

Sports, Strong Women

Cookies in the Fields

Professional Baseball has had some highly creative owners in its history.  Some were showmen trying to improve fan participation and attendance.  Some wanted to improve the game.  Some left us with features that lived well beyond themselves, and have become integrated into American culture.

Bill Veeck

The first such owner who comes to my mind is Bill Veeck, Jr (1914-1986), owner of the Cleveland Indians (now: Guardians), St Louis Browns and Chicago White Sox.

New scoreboard at Wrigley goes operational

Veeck Jr had some ideas to help dwindling attendance in the Depression 1930s.  As a 13-year-old lad working for his dad (Bill Sr was an executive with the Chicago Cubs and eventually club president) young Bill dreamed up the concept of the outfield walls covered in ivy.  Ten years later, as a team executive (his dad passed away in 1933) he had the now famous ivy on Wrigley Field’s outfield walls planted.

Veeck had the also now famous Wrigley scoreboard installed in center field. Modified several times over the decades, it still carries that feeling of yester-year.  It’s been recognizable by every MLB fan for many decades. [It’s one of only two such hand operated scoreboards in baseball; the other is Fenway in Boston.]

In the ‘30s Veeck was the first to suggest inter-league competition.  He surely had an eye toward a Chicago northside-southside rivalry (Cubs, Sox).  That took decades to be accepted.

Ivy going in at Wrigley, 1937

Veeck Jr. served in the Marines in WW2 for 3 years, suffering an injury in an artillery accident that ended his military duty … and cost him his right leg.

Veeck Jr. still had baseball in his bones.  Now a recovered veteran, he took on heavy loans to become the controlling owner of the Cleveland “Indians” in 1946, aged only 32.  Here he’s remembered for signing Larry Doby, the first African-American in the American League. [1]

He also signed pitcher Satchel Paige. He was 42 years old!

Eddie Gaedel, shortest person to ever appear in a Major League Baseball game makes his only appearance.

After a sensational Hall of Fame career in the Negro Leagues, Paige had finally moved to the Majors; until recently completely “mayonnaise”. He’s still the oldest rookie in MLB history.   On the roster for fewer than two months of that rookie ‘48 season (the last two months, in the pennant stretch), Paige was starting pitcher 7 times, recording six wins against one loss, with a stellar 2.48 ERA, while also tossing two shutouts. And an opposition batting average of only .228. The Indians went on to win the World Series. [More on Paige later] Oh, by the way, the Indians set an attendance record that year, over 2.8 million.

Veeck sold the Indians and bought the Saint Louis Browns in 1951.  With low attendance and poor teams Veeck tried to work his promotional magic.  Most famously he signed (for one game) the 3 foot – 7 inch tall (or short) Eddie Gaedel to take one single At Bat.  Wearing the number 1/8 he walked on four pitches. [He bowed to the crowd as he waltzed to first base; he was immediately removed for a pinch runner]

Veeck also had a “Grandstand Managers Night” — Fans were polled to make decisions in critical game situations.  The promos all failed to achieve significant attendance increases.  In 1954, Veeck was forced to sell the team to a group of investors, who moved the team to Baltimore (renaming the team the Orioles).

A few years later Veeck bought the Chicago White Sox.  Here he originated shooting off fireworks after games. Under Veeck the Sox were the first team to put players’ names on their jerseys.  More stuff too: “exploding” score boards with fireworks after home runs, Disco Demolition Night (tix were only 98 cents; riots ensued, leading to a forfeit).

His son, Mike, didn’t fall far from the family tree.  Among other things, while running the Sox, he had a “Tonya Harding Bat Night.”  No kidding. They gave away “Tonya Harding Bats!”  She even appeared as part of the promo and actually signed baseball bats.  As owner of a Florida class A team, he scheduled “Vasectomy Night” … on Father’s Day.  Thankfully, the “promo” was cancelled.

Bill Veeck Jr is in the Major League Baseball Hall of Fame.

Charlie O. Finley

Better known, to me and my generation I suppose, is Charlie O. Finley.  He bought the Kansas City Athletics in 1960 (formerly Philadelphia A’s).  He ditched the traditional dingy grey and white uniforms for bright gold and green hues.  Considered garish at the time, many teams today sport bright, colorful uniforms. Although not every game.

Charlie’s favorite mascot: Charlie-O, the mule [photo credit SportsBroadcastJournal.com]

He also thought the team needed a mascot.  A mule.  Yep, a mule for a mascot. A real live mule. Maybe because they’re known for being stubborn <?>. He named it “Charlie-O” (after himself) and dressed it in the team colors. For a while, Finley had relief pitchers ride in on Charlie from the bullpen when they entered the game.  Fans loved it.  Lawyers and insurers not so much.  The mule remained, but riding it did not last long.

Mr Finley rides his mascot

The A’s had a horrendous season in 1965.  In that season Finley put a pitch clock on the scoreboard. He hoped it would make pitchers and catchers aware of how the time between pitches extended a game’s duration.  Didn’t work well then, but now in the 2020s it’s part of every game – as a rule, not a suggestion.

Two of his most memorable stunts came near the end of that miserable ’65 season. First, he had his shortstop, Bert Campaneris, play all 9 positions in a single game – one for each inning.

Soon after, Finley signed the aforesaid Satchel Paige, now 59 years old!  Paige, who would be voted into the MLB Hall of Fame just 6 years later, had not pitched professionally in 12 years.  And even that was at a very, very advanced age for a Major Leaguer.

On September 25, in his sole appearance that year, Paige strode proudly to the mound as the starting pitcher against the Boston Red Sox at the A’s KC stadium: Municipal Stadium. [2] Paige was magnificent, going three scoreless innings, allowing only a single hit.

In ’65 the Red Sox were also struggling, but it was no cakewalk for Paige: The Sox had Hall of Famer Carl Yastrzemski and slugger Tony Conigliaro. Only 9,300 attended the game.  [Yaz got the only hit, a double.]

In KC, Finley continually struggled with low attendance and poor performance.  He moved the team to Oakland in 1968, where they’ve been ever since. Well, for now, at least.

When the team moved, Finley kept the 1,200 lb mule; Charlie-O the mule followed the team to Oakland. [When Finley sold the A’s in 1981, the mule was eliminated as mascot.  The A’s reverted to their traditional decades-old mascot: an elephant.  But only on the logo.]

In Oakland the team achieved a three-peat, 1972-4, three consecutive World Series wins. Finley kept going with innovation.

More from Charles O. Finley:

Fans couldn’t see the baseball?  He proposed orange baseballs; even getting authorization to try them in spring training games.  The idea didn’t go far and never made it into a regular season game.

Game too slow?  Too boring? He proposed the count going only to 3-balls and 2-strikes.  The late ‘60s games had been dominated by pitchers and seemed boring to many fans.  He thought the 3-ball walk would increase scoring.  And to a quicker game. Tried in a spring training game, the approach led to a game with 19 walks.  Hardly entertaining.

Boring Schedule? Finley proposed interleague play in the early ‘70s (as Veeck had done decades before); this finally came to fruition in 1997, only a year after he died.  It’s been part of MLB ever since.

Rollie Fingers and his famous handle bar mustache

During the A’s great success of the 1970s slugger Reggie Jackson refused to shave his mustache.  Wishing to not appear as caving in to his star, Finley encouraged all the players to grow facial hair; at least one chose exotic facial hair, Rollie Fingers.  Most of the team joined in with their own styles.  The ‘60s had changed a lot of things.  People were eager to express themselves, and Finley allowed his players that freedom. [3]

He instigated Hot Pants Day and Mustache Day at the stadium.

He was also instrumental in getting the Designated Hitter into professional baseball.  I’m not a supporter, but this idea won over the American League — and the non-position “position” DH-role has been part of American League baseball since 1973.  Since Covid, it’s also in the National League (ugg).

It’s 1973.  Oakland resident Stanley Burrell was 11 years old and a baseball fanatic.  He was particularly fanatic about the Athletics (A’s) [that’s what “fan” means, it’s short for “fanatic.”]  He’d hang out in front of the stadium before games, dancing and even doing James Brown Splits getting the fans revved up as they came through the parking lot.  He had been emulating Brown and other performers for quite a few years.  His other hobbies included writing poetry and lyrics and music that he could submit for product promotional jingles.

One day Finley saw young Stanley dancing. He was quite amused.  So, he hired Stanley, as a lark, for the team’s executive vice-president position.   As exec-VP, he traveled with the team on road trips, doubling as the team’s bat boy.

After college Burrell tried to follow his dreams of professional baseball and communications.  He flamed out at both.  The US Navy offered stability, discipline and a salary.  He needed all three.

Long story short, after his 3-year military career, Stanley went back to his original passions: singing, lyric writing and dancing.  As he performed successfully more and more often, first locally then branching out, he took the nickname “MC” – for Master of Ceremonies.  Soon after he also took the name Hammer:  MC Hammer.

__________________________________________________________________

The last Finley innovation we’ll address is Ball Girls.  During a baseball game many balls are grounded foul, just outside the 1st and 3rd base lines.  This might occur a dozen or two times each game. The balls eventually hit the fan/field wall and roll or bounce along the wall, toward the outfield.  For many decades teams have placed a “retriever”, usually a teen boy, out along the line to pick up or catch these foul balls before they ricochet into the outfield.

Finley said he wanted more female participation in the game; but he was surely looking for more male interest too.  In 1971 he hired two striking local 15-year-old blonde girls as the first Ball Girls —   Debra Jane “Debbi” Sivyer and Marry Barry.

Debbi Sivyer on delivering for a cookie and milk break

They were fetching to behold, especially for males’ eyes, attired in short and rather tight white shorts (Hot Pants), tops of white, gold or green, and usually long stockings, often of A’s gold.  They were a huge hit.

Creative Debbi Sivyer began a cookie break for the umpires. She served them her homemade cookies with milk.  Sometimes coffee or water, too. Young Ms. Sivyer was passionate about her baking hobby; she’d been working on her cookie recipes for years.  She used the five dollar per hour ball girl wages to purchase baking supplies.

The ball girl thing died out pretty rapidly, a couple of years – the players’ wives started complaining. First Finley adapted by having the young ladies wear less skimpy clothes and white slacks.  Not enough. To keep “matrimonial stability” Finley phased them out.

No worries for Debbi Sivyer.  She was soon Homecoming Queen and graduated at 17.  While attending Foothills College, in the south Bay area, she met a successful businessman who had founded his own successful investment company, Randall Keith Fields.  They were soon married, he was 29, she 19.  She took his surname, Fields.  She became Mrs. Fields.

Her cookies were good.  Great. Everyone loved them. The possibility of a profitable business began to appear.  Starting slowly, by beating the pavement, alone, and word-of-mouth, she gritted out a profitable business.  In a few years Mrs. Field’s cookie business began growing and growing.  She ran and eventually expanded the business to many hundreds of franchises and about a dozen countries.

Despite Randy’s business acumen, he poo-poo’d the idea for the first several years.  He did get “on-board” the cookie team as its success began blooming, becoming  company chairman and bringing the Fields Cookie company into the computer age by integrating software and databases for planning and tracking building needs, inventory, ingredients and product delivery.  This was pretty important as the company was expanding rapidly.

Debi and Randy had five daughters before they split in ’97.  Debi was the visionary and creative spirit of the team. She sold the company in the early ‘90s for $100 million.  Not bad at all.  She remains their spokesperson.

Debi “Mrs Fields” herself

She’d had a dream and a plan all along.  And she made it work.

Debbi married Michael Rose a few years later after the divorce. He was the former CEO of Holiday Corporation, and later Harrah’s after it merged with Holiday – mostly managing hospitality and casino operations.  They remained wed until his recent death, in 2017.

Ball girls Marry Barry and Debbi Sivyer Fields remain friends today.  Debbi now resides in Nashville, TN; Marry in Pleasant Hills, CA.  They’ve been featured at A’s games on throwback days, even throwing out the ceremonial “first pitch.”

Thanks for reading.

Joe Girard, 2024 ©

Thank you for reading. As always, you can add yourself to the notification list for newly published material by clicking here . Or emailing joe@girardmeister.com

 

Many of these characters have quite the collection of life stories.  Paige, Gaedel, Conigliaro, Yaz, Doby.  Even the ones mentioned at length here have much more.  But you get the idea.

[1] Indian Team Manager and Player Lou Boudreau took Doby around to meet his new teammates.  They were all eager to meet him and put their hands out for a shake.  Three players did not.  Veeck removed all three from the roster as soon as he could.

[2] In wonderful irony, or perhaps coincidence, the new Kansas City Municipal Stadium was built on the very site where the Negro League team Kansas City Monarchs had played – the team Paige played for when he made many of his significant successes in the Negro Leagues.  It’s about a half-mile walk from the Negro Leagues Museum, a must see for any fan. Next door is the American Jazz museum, and of course, there is great KC-style BBQ all around.

[3] There are other versions of this facial hair story.  I picked the one that seemed most likely and entertaining to me.  “I refuse to shave” is so Reggie Jackson.

Uncategorized

By Any Other Name

By Any Other Name

Over the past 7 months or so, mostly while wandering through Germany, I have been ruminating on the similarity of last names, particularly between German and English names – particularly English surnames in the US.

Surnames, relatively speaking, are somewhat new.  They are much older in Asia, particularly China (where the surname is the first name).  Perhaps four or five thousand years ago they began attaching a maternal name in front of the personal name.  Marriage between people with the same matrimonial family name was strongly discouraged, sometimes outlawed.  Oddly, there seems to have been no concern with paternal lines, at least via naming.  Well, one always knows who the mother is; not always with the father.

Romans often had three names as well.  Gaius Julius Caesar, for example.  His given name Gaius, followed by the family name, Julius, and a sort of nickname, Caesar.  He did not acquire this because of his caesarean delivery; it was an old family name often appearing as the final nickname that would often be used to address someone personally. Russians are fond of nicknames as well, often formed from the given personal name.

Gaius Julius

Surnames came much later to Europe, starting in the late first millennium, progressing through nearly all regions by the mid-second millennium. One supposes it was necessary for censuses and taxation, property records, criminal records, debt records, etc.   In a region with far fewer first names than today, and with economies growing quickly and more interconnected, it could be quite a task to keep track of who owed what to whom with surnames (and middle names too)

In the Netherlands they didn’t fully arrive until 1811-14 after Napoleon Bonaparte decided to take personal control over the region.  He had taken it in 1806, and given the duty of ruling to his son, Louis; his heir did not meet his father’s expectations. The Corsican soon decreed that everyone take a surname. He was a man of order, if nothing else.

Many surnames were quite often based on where people lived, nearby topographic features, or – our concern here – their profession.   This seems to be most common among Germanic peoples, including the English.

Let’s start with a recently newsworthy name: the Wagner Group.  Over the past few years, few have not heard of the Russian mercenary army that goes by the name Wagner Group.  [1]

Curious, because Wagner (“vag-nur”) is a well-known German surname, for instance the famous German composer, Richard Wagner (all I can think of now is Ride of the Valkyries; “Ritt der Walküren“ — or “Walkürenritt .”  This name, Wagner, was the Nom de Guerre, of an early Wagner Group leader and co-founder, Dmitri Utkin, who was quite a fan of all things Nazi.

To clear up one thing, it is properly pronounced “Vag-nur”. It derives from the German name, and neither the Russian nor the German language has the “W” sound.  They say it with an English sounding “V.”

The name Wagner is also a profession. In English it would be “wagoner,” a person who drives a wagon.  Or, secondarily, a person skilled in making or repairing such things. (More often a Cartwright, see below)

Rub a dub, dub, three men in a tub …

Many surnames in both US English and German are similar in at least this regard: they tell us the profession of an ancestor.  Many names ending in -er and -man (and even -mann) fit this category. [2} The suffix -er can also be someone or something from a place.  [“Dollar” traces back to Thaler (or Taler) … some thing from the “valley.”  In this case a special coin minted in the St Joachim Valley.]

While my mind pondered this, I made a list of several dozen, eventually jotting down most (that I could remember).  We’ll start with the good old Butcher, Baker and Candlestick maker (last one is “Chandler” in English). Then proceed alphabetically where practicable.

They are listed below in both English and German. I hope I can remember all the names I thought of.  Most follow the -er, -man and -mann profession rule stated above.  I’m sure this list is not complete and contains errors.  Comments are welcome in that regard, as always.

English German Discussion
Butcher Metzger
Baker, Becker Bäcker, sometimes Pfister in south Germany. This also gives the English “Becker”, which is how Bäcker is pronounced
Chandler (no good equivalent) Candlestick maker.
Baxter (Bäckerin, not a surname, just translated) Baxter is the feminine version of Baker
Bauman, Baumann Commonly a fellow peasant, or fellow neighbor, especially Ashkenazi Jews, literally one who builds
Brenner A distiller; verb brennen is to burn
Brewer, Brewster Brauer Brewer of beer or ale.  Note the -ster denoting a female of same profession.
Carpenter Zimmerman, Zimmermann, Schreiner A z-man typically constructs large wooden items (up to house-sized), a Schreiner typically smaller, from toys to cabinets. On location I’ve seen some overlap, at least by my novice interpretation.
Cartwright, Carter Wagenbauer (rare) Skilled at making and repairing Carts, or Wagons. More common: Wagner.
Clerk, Clarke Schreiber Someone who creates and tracks written records (Schreiber – one who writes)
Cole, Coleman Kohl, Köhler One who works with coal or charcoal, or one who makes charcoal
Collier (see Cole, Kohl) Similar to above
Cook Koch
Cooper Küfer One who makes barrels, casks, storage vessels, etc
Dexter, Dyer Farber (occasionally Färber) One who dyes, particularly cloth.  Note:  -xter is feminine Dyer
Farmer Bauer Bauer is more commonly a farmer, could also be one who builds, see Bauman. In Afrikaans, it’s Boer; hence Boer War was a farmers’ and peasants’ rebellion
Ferrier Black smith, esp w.r.t. shoer of horses
Fleischman Fleischman (or -nn) One who works with meat, esp. a butcher
Fletcher (could be Fulcher, but that’s rather archaic) Maker of arrows, an arrow smith
Fowler Vogler One who hunts or catches birds
Fisher Fischer Self evident
Gardener, Gardner Gartner Self evident
Hoffman Hofman, Hoffer Literally one who works in the yard, or enclosed area, but usually courtyard.  So, it could also be a courtier.
Woodman Holzman One who chops or sells wood.  Could be others in the lumber industry
Hunter Jäger Also, Jager, Jarger, Yarger in US
Judge Richter
Kaufman A merchant. Literally: one who buys
Keller From Keller: basement (cognate cellar), Trusted steward of provisions, usually of significance, e.g.  nobles, monasteries
Kellner (var. of Keller) Or Tavern Keeper, wine server (from cellar), Waiter
King König Also, Konig, Koenig, similar to Kaiser (emperor)
Krüger, Kruger, Krueger A Krug is mostly used as a name for a large beer mug. A Krüger is a barkeeper – like my great-grandfather Frederich (Fritz) Vollmer, from Würtemburg
Potter Töpfer Maker of pots, usually earthenware or ceramic. Topf means pot, or vessel
Teacher (uncommon) Lehrer
Mason Maurer, Mauer One who builds stone walls or buildings
Mayor Meyer, Meier, Maier Generic municipal officer.  Could be mayor, bailiff, or steward. Historically Mayor/Meier is more appropriate (as we see from the obvious cognate). When I was a kid Milwaukee had a mayor named Meier.  Mayor Maier.
Miller Müller A mill is a place where work gets done (windmill, sawmill, grist mill).  A person who works in such a place. Also Mueller in US.  From Mühl, a mill.
Miner Bergman (-nn) Although Berg typically means mountain, it can also be a mine in some contexts
Priest Best as Pfarrer, Pfarr; although Priester is a direct translation Pfarr is parish, Pfarrer is parish priest or minister
Sawyer Sager, Säger Saws timber
Schumacher, Schuster, Schuhman, Schuhmann Shoemaker, cobbler
Shepard, Shepardson Schäfer And variants: Shaver, Schafer, Schafer, Schaefer: a shepard
Smith Schmidt A craftsman, usually metal – note does not end in -er or -man
Steiger One who climbs a path, often steep and/or narrow.  Or lives near one.  Rod Steiger
Tanner Gerber
Tailor, Tailer, Taylor Schneider Schneider is one who cuts. Here, cloth.  Also variants like Snyder, Snider in US English names
Thatcher Some who made/repaired straw roofs, thatch
Thrasher, Thresher Drescher Had a Thrasher teammate on my Senior Babe Ruth baseball team.  Grain processing.
Trader Handler Merchant, trader.  Handler has other meanings; I like this most.  Generically: one who gets things done
Weaver, Webster Weber Also Webber, -ster is feminine ending
Wine < ?, not common at all>
In English the name Wine comes from an old English word meaning “friend”		 Weiner English “V-eye-ner”, Wein is wine.  Could be someone working in the wine industry, often a vintner. Older times:  a maker of wicker devices like fans and baskets. Or sellers thereof, or people from a region where this is a main profession. [3]
Wiener “V-ee-ner”, someone or something from Vienna. Wiener Schnitzel is a cutlet in the Viennese style.
Weller Bruner, Brunner Brun is the root for well, or a spring. One who worked with water, like acquiring it, or someone from near such a place
Wheeler Rademacher I actually know someone with the Radmacher surname; she’s in Saint Louis.  One who makes wheels, mostly for carts (Wagen)
Wright, Wainwright, Millwright … Wagenknecht [6], Wainwright could also be Wagner A wright is a craftsman, one who builds or repairs special things like wagons, mill gears, usually from wood. A wainwright is one who does this for carts (wagen). A millwright for a mill.
Zoller, Zöller Customs agent, toll collector (cognate: toll)

I see that I often used English too generically, as my text quite often is referring to American English surnames.  Sorry.

Joe Girard © 2024

Thank you for reading. As always, you can add yourself to the notification list for newly published material by clicking here . Or emailing joe@girardmeister.com

 

[1] The Wagner Group is a for profit private army, almost always paid by the Russian Government.  As it’s not officially part of the government, this gives them “plausible deniability” regarding its actions; and casualties are not officially “Russian” losses.  They are still fighting in may places, like the Sahel where they are mostly fighting armed and disruptive Islamists. They are also fighting for Russian interests in in Libya, Venezuela, Sudan and Syria, and several other countries, usually also in support of the local government, or an alternate government that is fighting the one currently in power.

[2] “Man” is a person; “Mann” is a man.  “Wo kann man ein Bier kaufen?” Where can one buy a beer? “Wo kann der Mann ein Bier kaufen?”  Where can the man buy a beer?  Here in surnames-land it makes no difference; just the spelling.

[3] Wicker. Back in the day when Wicks or Wicker was a bundle of sorts, often woven, used to clean grain, by hand.  Could also be weaver.

[4] The Pfister family and Pfister plumbing fixtures company. Long family line reaching back to Württemberg, before there was a German nation.

[5] Surnames became necessary to track populations, legal contracts and record taxes. Consider the popularity of “John” and the possibility of dozens in the same general area.  To more fully discern they added Smith, Baker, Thrasher, Farmer, Wright etc.   There, fixed it (mostly).  Later came 2nd or middle names.

Middle Names: Started in Rome way back in the empire days, mostly among the elites, most often to more clearly denote ancestral lines. Came to Europe and began spreading in the 15th or 16th century, first among elites, then moving to lower classes. Now it also often designates some ancestral information: a mother’s or maternal grandmother’s first or surname, a parent’s first name, an ancestor’s first name, an important family friend or life influence.  In same regard, multiple middle names are used, and surnames are concatenated, joining two (or more) family surnames.  It may also be somewhat religious: forms of Mary, like Marie and Maria, can show a family’s devotion to the mother of Jesus – and may serve double duty with one of the reasons above. Same with Mohammed, John, Patrick, Isaac, Jacob ….

[6] Wagenknecht:  Interesting (to me) footnote. I know a woman with this surname. Simply a wonderful, lovely person. Wagen=cart.  Knecht is a worker or farmhand.

Etymological Roots: It’s someone who worked on wagons, or carts, like a driver or craftsman (Wright). Literally a Wagoner’s servant or assistant. Historically the German Wagenknecht family was renowned for the quality of their wagons.

The name Wagenknecht has recently sprung to prominence; it’s the surname of the woman leader of a new German political party (weirdly, partly eponymously named for her: Sahra Wagenknecht: the BSW). Their policies seem to be a concoction of Hard-left (draws from The Left party, Die Linke), Socialist (redistribution of wealth, equality of outcome), populist (anti-globalist, isolationist, as in “no support for Ukraine or Israel”), and hard right (anti-immigration – although this is also populist – culturally very traditional and conservative, and they fully reject anything that smacks of Wokeism).  Another flavor of right wing populism that seems to be sweeping  Some publications call them national socialists; National Socialist is the exact source of the abbreviated word Nazi (I guess this means they don’t like the BSW party.  The BSW is now, evidently, more hated than AfD).
Germany seems receptive to both parties. With AfD also growing in prominence, now the second most popular, expect the pair to soon upset German politics, and unseat the current wobbly coalition government of “Milquetoast Man”: Olaf Scholz; and possibly upset European politics overall.